Patent Number 4899136 Issue Date 1990 02 06 Appl. Data 856525 1986 04 28 Assignee Xerox Corporation Inventor(s) Beard, Marian H. Caro, Perry A. Hsiao, Jennifer B. Mackey, Kevin J. Sandman, Jr., James G. Steinbach, Gary R. Woods, Donald R. State/Country CA Title Data processor having a user interface display with metaphoric objects Abstract A multiprocessor system comprises concurrent display of video data reflecting the operation of two processors in discrete portions of a single display screen with a user interface adapted for interaction with both processors. One processor controls the entire display while allocating a portion of the display screen for the use of the other processor which processor emulates a target processor system, for example, the IBM PC. A user interface is represented on the display screen in the form of metaphoric objects, called icons, with which the user can interact by changing the input focus to a designated object by visually pointed to it via the input means, which thereafter permits manipulation of the designated object or interaction with data input/output relative to the designated object. This input means is also used to initially change the input focus to either the allocated emulating processor screen portion or to the remaining portion of the central processor display screen prior to interaction with the metaphoric objects in a selected screen portion, the change of the input focus causing subsequent user input via the input means to be directed to the selected screen portion until interrupted by a change in focus input to the other of the screen portions by the user via the input means. An icon may be a representation of a virtual object, such as a virtual floppy disk, that is accessible in either the host system world or in the emulating processor world even through the virtual floppy disk may have a filing system alien to the host system world. U.S. Class 340/706 340/721 364/DIG2 364/927.2 364/927.61 364/927.63 364/927.67 364/927.81 364/928 364/931.4 395/157 395/159 IPC G09G 1/00 U.S. Refs 3643252 3932843 4149148 4149238 4204206 4253145 4278973 4315310 4365295 4437184 4456954 4458331 4463442 4484266 4484302 4550386 4555775 4564903 4574364 4761642 Foreign Refs EPX 198512 0165517 EPX 198601 0168034 EPX 198705 0223383 EPX 198709 0237671 Other Refs "The LISADRAW Manual", .COPYRGT.1983, 1984, Apple Computer, Inc. David C. Smith et al., "The Star User Interface: An Overview", Proceedings of National Computer Conference, pp. 515-528 (reprint as 1-14), Jun. 7-18, 1982. Chapter 13, "Emulation", 5.0 Update 8010 STAR Information System Reference Library, pp. 119-187, Aug., 1984. Dissertation of David Canfield Smith, "PYGMALION: A Creative Programming Environment", Chapter 4 & 5, pp. 93-166, May, 1975. "Xerox's `Star`--Word Processing, `Typesetting`, Documentation, Business Graphics, Multi-Level Math, Electronic Communication and More All Come Together in a Revolutionary New Video Terminal Workstation", The Seybold Report, vol. 10, No. 16, Apr. 27, 1981. Goering, R., "Apollo Entry Fuels CAE/CAD Workstation Battle", Computer Design, Mar. 1, 1986, pp. 26-27. Rose, C. D., "Apollo Fights Back with New Work Stations", Electronics, Feb. pp. 20-21. Mace, S and Sorenson, K., "Amiga, Atari Ready PC Emulators", InfoWorld, vol. 8, No. 18, May 5, 1986. Irwin, J. W., "Use of a Coprocessor for Emulating the PC AT", in F. Waters, Ed., IBM RT Personal Computer Technology, IBM Austin, 1986, pp. 137-141. Krishnamurty, R., and Mothersole, T., "Coprocessor Software Support", in F. Waters, Ed., IBM RT Personal Computer Technology, IBM, Austin, 1986, pp. 142-146. "Copydisk", Xerox Corp., Palo Alto, 1980. Patent Number 4903218 Issue Date 1990 02 20 Appl. Data 084930 1987 08 13 Assignee Digital Equipment Corporation Inventor(s) Longo, Mark DiPirro, Steven D. State/Country NH Title Console emulation for a graphics workstation Abstract A method and an apparatus for emulating a console at a graphics workstation terminal uses a second central processing unit to perform the console emulation. A windowing system operating on a first central processing unit interfaces with the operation of the console from the second central processing unit to provide non-destructive console emulation at the workstation terminal. The windowing system maintains a separate console window that the second central processing unit can access transparently to the other windows. The first or host cpu can still perform graphics functions while the second cpu operates the console. U.S. Class 395/157 364/DIG2 364/927.2 364/927.3 364/927.63 364/927.67 364/927.81 364/928 364/929.3 364/931.4 364/932.8 364/933.9 364/940 364/940.61 364/940.64 364/942 364/942.03 364/943.9 364/948.1 395/163 IPC G06F 3/037 U.S. Refs 4550386 4591975 4598384 4709328 Patent Number 4914607 Issue Date 1990 04 03 Appl. Data 035982 1987 04 08 Assignee Hitachi, Ltd. Inventor(s) Takanashi, Katsuya Yamada, Kimitoshi State/Country JPX Title Multi-screen display control system and its method Abstract In a transfer data screen buffer added to a multi-window display, a command stream for displaying segments to be displayed and superposed over the multi-window display is stored. By the execution of the command stream, the display data developed into a bit map undergoes exclusive OR operation bit by bit with the bit-map developed data of the multi-window data. The operation result is fed back to the display screen bit map memory to be displayed. U.S. Class 395/158 340/721 340/798 382/45 395/157 IPC G09G 1/16 U.S. Refs 4542376 4545070 4598384 4694288 4710767 4714918 Foreign Refs JPX 198310 58-168142 Priority JPX 19860409 61-79919 Patent Number 4931957 Issue Date 1990 06 05 Appl. Data 141770 1988 01 11 Assignee Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Inventor(s) Takagi, Shiro Sato, Minoru State/Country JPX Title Image information processing apparatus Abstract An image information processing apparatus for storing and retrieving image information on and from an optical memory means, which has a selecting means for sequentially manually selecting a plurality of image processing commands, a scanning means for inputting image information from an original image, a display means for display the image information and a designation means. The display means has at least two display areas and displays the image information from one of the scanning means and the optical memory means in only one of the two display areas in response to the selection of the selection means. The designation means manually designates the one of the display areas to display the image information. U.S. Class 395/145 340/710 340/721 340/747 395/157 395/164 IPC G09G 3/06 G06F 15/20 U.S. Refs 4665555 4755808 4772882 Priority JPX 19870112 62-4743 Patent Number 4941111 Issue Date 1990 07 10 Appl. Data 853492 1986 04 18 Assignee Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. Inventor(s) Sfarti, Adrian State/Country CA Title Video picking and clipping method and apparatus Abstract The picking method and apparatus comprise: A CPU and a direct memory access (DMA) circuit which is used with a graphics microprocessor (G.mu.P) for virtually redrawing a display list from a system memory of objects in a bit map. A starting address and a number corresponding to the number of instructions in a segment comprising a plurality of display lists are sent to the DMA for this purpose. When the coordinates of a pointer match the coordinates of a selected data object, a pick interrupt signal and special pick instruction is sent to the CPU. The CPU then uses the starting address of the display list of a selected object from a table to generate a new display list to perform a pre-selected operation on the selected data object. The clipping method and apparatus comprise a plurality of data planes for storing data objects, a match plane for storing a clipping object and a one-bit register. In use, the pixels in the data and match planes are scanned. When a match occurs between a pixel in the match plane and the contents of the one-bit register, a match signal is generated. The match signal enables the data planes to re-store the corresponding pixels of the data objects in the match planes. U.S. Class 395/157 340/724 395/134 IPC G06F 15/72 U.S. Refs 4243984 4245244 4412296 4672683 4675666 4686522 4689616 4747074 Patent Number 4954819 Issue Date 1990 09 04 Appl. Data 256335 1988 10 11 Assignee Evans & Sutherland Computer Corp. Inventor(s) Watkins, Gary S. State/Country UT Title Computer graphics windowing system for the display of multiple dynamic images Abstract For use in a computer graphics apparatus, a data management system drives a multiple-window dynamic display. The display is formed by areas, e.g. pixels, and windows are variously defined in a display by assigning window codes to groups of areas. Image data for each area provided from a picture system is selectively registered in an image frame buffer in accordance with the defined windows. Valid data binary signals, designating currently valid image data in the image frame buffer are registered in three valid data buffers. The image data for each area is provided for a display from the selectively registered signals in the image frame buffer under control of the window codes and the valid data binary signals. Techniques are thus available for rapidly swapping portions of the frame buffer and selectively clearing and loading the image frame buffer. Areas not specified by signals from the image frame buffer are treated as background and driven with an appropriate display. U.S. Class 340/721 340/799 395/157 395/164 IPC G09G 1/28 U.S. Refs 4663617 4769762 4772881 Related Data This is a Continuation of application Ser. No. 068,287, filed June 29, 1987 which is continuation of application Ser. No. 734,923, filed May 16, 1985 both abandoned. Patent Number 4954966 Issue Date 1990 09 04 Appl. Data 907294 1986 09 12 Assignee Wang Laboratories, Inc. Inventor(s) Mooney, Robery C. Peirent, Richard J. State/Country MA Title Terminal with viewports, auxiliary device attachment, and host-terminal flan control Abstract In a dumb terminal to which an auxiliary device may be attached, improvements in display definitions. In the transfer of data between a host computer and the terminal or an auxiliary device, and in character generation memory. In the area of display definition, pages may be mapped onto the terminal's display memory and viewports may be mapped onto pages. Page and viewport definition are independent of each other and settable modes permit a viewport to follow the active position. In the area of transfer of data, the source of data for the host computer and the destination of data from the host computer may be specified independently. Improvements in flow control ensure that the host computer can always change the destination of data and gain control of the terminal. Improvements in access control ensure that neither the terminal nor the auxiliary device can monopolize transfer between it and the host. Moreover, transfer can proceed transparently even when non-ASCII 8-bit codes or a 7-bit host-terminal link are involved. Finally, a protocol permits one portion of character generation memory to be copied to another portion thereof. U.S. Class 395/157 340/717 340/825.02 364/140 395/162 395/275 IPC G06F 3/037 U.S. Refs 4412294 4493021 4494194 4591967 4633246 4642790 4649513 4665501 4688170 Other Refs Datapro Research Report C25-010 Display Terminals, Data Pro Research, Delran, N.J., Jan. 1985, pp. C250-010-105-111. IBM Product Announcement, IBM 3161 and IBM 3163 ASCII Display Strategies, IBM, Jun. 18, 1981. ADM 12 VDT User's Reference Manual, Lear-Siegler, Inc. Anaheim, CA 1983, pp. 3-27 to 3-29. Televideo VDT Operator's Manual, Model 924, Televideo Systems, Inc. Sunnyvale, CA 1983, pp. 50-54. Patent Number 4958305 Issue Date 1990 09 18 Appl. Data 116708 1987 11 04 Assignee General Electric Company Inventor(s) Piazza, Thomas A. State/Country FL Title Polygon edge clipping Abstract A method for clipping a source polygon to a view window permits the valid (i.e. potentially visible) edges or portions of edges of the source polygon and of the view window boundary edges to be sequentially output for further processing, while determining the valid parts in a predetermined direction around the perimeter of the source polygon, without having to store (other than for a first entry point) the value of exit points from or entry points to the view window. Only an end point of an edge of the source polygon is considered at a time so that a maximum of two intersection point determinations between the source polygon edge and view window boundary planes outside of which the source polygon edge lies are required to ascertain if a portion of the source polygon edge is valid. U.S. Class 395/127 395/134 395/157 IPC G06F 15/72 U.S. Refs 4698779 Patent Number 4959803 Issue Date 1990 09 25 Appl. Data 210855 1988 06 24 Assignee Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Inventor(s) Kiyohara, Toshimi Morita, Toshiya State/Country JPX Title Display control system Abstract A display control system which includes a display memory having a serial access port for sending data to a display device and a random access port for data communication with a graphic drawing device. The system further includes a window buffer memory for storing image data such as sentences and graphic charts and a window controller for controlling the position of the window buffer memory content to be displayed on the display device. A selection circuit is included for selecting a display mode or a graphic drawing mode. During the display mode, the stored image data is transferred directly to the display device and overlaps the content of the display memory. During the graphic mode, the stored image data is transferred to the display memory under control of a graphic controller and is then displayed. U.S. Class 395/157 340/734 340/750 IPC G06F 3/153 U.S. Refs 3792462 4412294 4542376 4642790 4692757 4700320 4714918 4860218 Foreign Refs EPX 198508 0153197 EPX 198601 0168144 JPX 198604 6177977 Priority JPX 19870626 62-160574 Patent Number 4961070 Issue Date 1990 10 02 Appl. Data 202652 1988 06 02 Assignee Motorola, Inc. Inventor(s) Maher, John W. Mulford, Keith I. Tykal, James C. State/Country IL Title Radio console with CRT display Abstract A radio console having a CRT display that allows channel control windows (CCWs) to be moved about a work area or from a summary list to a work area and back again. The CCWs may be of various sizes, and the display provides helpful indications of suitable locations to where selected windows may be moved. The display also allows preselected windows to be linked one to another, and to ensure that when one of the linked windows is moved, the remaining linked windows are moved in tandem with it. Also, if a window is manipulated to cause it to occlude an adjacent window, a distinct border is provided for the occluding window to indicate to the user that such occlusion heat occurred. U.S. Class 340/721 340/731 340/734 364/DIG2 364/919.2 364/927.2 364/927.4 364/927.63 364/927.632 395/100 395/157 395/158 395/161 455/158.1 IPC G09G 5/14 U.S. Refs 4718112 4789962 Patent Number 4962475 Issue Date 1990 10 09 Appl. Data 168368 1988 03 15 Assignee International Business Machines Corporation Inventor(s) Hernandez, Irene H. McCaskill, Rex A. State/Country TX Title Method for generating a document utilizing a plurality of windows associated with different data objects Abstract A method for tailoring a master document to obtain a special document. The master document is made up of data objects and portions of the data objects. Included in the portions are pointers to corresponding data objects. The portions are windowed and displayed. Selection of a window will result in a view port being opened through the window into a corresponding data object. The data object can then be scrolled to obtain a desired portion to be included in the special document. As each desired portion is obtained, it is stored and becomes part of the special document. U.S. Class 395/146 340/721 364/DIG2 364/927.62 364/927.63 364/943 364/943.43 395/157 400/76 IPC G06F 3/153 U.S. Refs 4414628 4428065 4470129 4559598 4598384 4611202 4688167 4713754 Foreign Refs JPX 198407 59-125425 Related Data This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 686,565 filed Dec. 26, 1984, now abandoned. Patent Number 4970664 Issue Date 1990 11 13 Appl. Data 206184 1988 06 10 Inventor(s) Kaiser, Richard R. Bartel, Robert W. State/Country OR Title Critical path analyzer with path context window Abstract A screen display includes a path context window for displaying a signal path in its entirety apart from the schematic sheets on which the path portions appear. The window contains multiple display portions each graphically displaying a path portion appearing on a separate schematic sheet. The multiple display portions are arranged adjacent to each other to display the entire signal path as continuous. The screen display also includes a path list window and may include view sheet windows each showing a schematic sheet of a path portion in the path context window. A user selects a path from the path list window, which causes a path context window containing the selected path to appear. Selecting a path portion from the displayed signal path causes a view sheet window containing the corresponding schematic sheet to appear. The means for producing the various windows and other features of the screen display is also disclosed. U.S. Class 395/160 364/488 395/157 IPC G06F 15/20 U.S. Refs 4615011 4722064 4821220 Other Refs Product Description from SDA Systems, "TA Timing Analyzer", (4 pages). Advertisement from SDA Systems, "Timing Analyzer Fast, Programmable Critical Path Analysis", (2 pages). "AIDA Timing Verifier Technical Spec", (4 pages). Chiang et al., "Timing Verification for System--Level Designs", SLSI Systems Design, pp. 46-53 (Dec. 1987). Hara et al., "Timing Analysis Improves Efficiency of ASIC Design", EDN, pp. 195-201 (May 26, 1988). Patent Number 4974173 Issue Date 1990 11 27 Appl. Data 485793 1990 02 22 Assignee Xerox Corporation Inventor(s) Stefik, Mark J. Bobrow, Daniel G. Lanning, Stanley M. Tatar, Deborah G. Foster, Gregg S. State/Country CA Title Small-scale workspace representations indicating activities by other users Abstract In a collaborative system in which a body of shared data may be accessed by more than one user, a small-scale representation of the body of shared data displayed to one user includes an indication of the activities of other users. A user that is not viewing the shared data at full scale can thus obtain information about the activities of other users from a small-scale representation. The small-scale representation can indicate the type of activity, the extent or rate of changes in the shared data, the other users viewing the full-scale representation, or can show the shared data in shrunken form, indicating the parts that have been changed. The extent or rate of changes can be indicated with a quantitative indicator such as a gauge. U.S. Class 395/153 340/717 340/721 395/157 395/159 IPC G06F 3/14 U.S. Refs 4414621 4516156 4525779 4560833 4650929 4654483 4686698 Other Refs Stefik, M., Foster, G., Bobrow, D. G., Kahn, K., Lanning, S., and Suchman, L., "Beyond the Chalkboard: Computer Support for Collaboration and Problem Solving in Meetings," Communications of the ACM, Jan. 1987, vol. 30, No. 1, pp. 32-47. Halasz, F. G., "Reflections on NoteCards: Seven Issues for the Next Generation of Hypermedia Systems" Hypertext '87 Papers, Nov. 13-15, 1987, Chapel Hill, N.C., pp. 345-365. Bobrow, D. G. and Stefik, M., The LOOPS Manual, Xerox Corporation, Dec. 1983. Stefik, M., Bobrow, D. G., Foster, G., Lanning, S. and Tatar, D., "WYSIWIS Revised: Early Experiences with Multiuser Interfaces," ACM Transactions on Office Information Systems, vol. 5, No. 2, Apr. 1987, pp. 147-167. Kasperski, R., Chang, E., Mellon, L., "Cantata: Group Protocols in a Conferencing Environment," IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, vol. 2, 1986, pp. 1343-1346. Meyrowtiz, N., "Intermedia: The Architecture and Construction of an Object-Oriented Hypermedia System and Applications Framework," OOPSLA Proceedings, Sep. 1986, pp. 186-201. Garrett, L. N., Smith, K. E., and Meyrowitz, N., "Intermedia: Issues, Strategies, and Tactics in the Design of a Hypermedia Document System," Proceedings of the Conference on Computer-Supported Collaborative Work, Austin, Tex., Dec. 3-5, 1986, pp. 163-174. Foster, G., "Collaborative Systems and Multi-User Interfaces," Ph.D. Thesis, University of California, Computer Science Division, Report No. CSD/UCB 1986, 86/326. "Filing," VP Series Reference Library, Version 1.0, Xerox Corporation, 1985, pp. 1-60. Interleaf Technical Publishing Software Reference Manual, Release 3.0, vol. 1, 1986, pp. 15-1-15-18, 16-1-16-19. Sarin, S.K., and Greif, I., "Software for Interactive On-Line Conference", Proceedings ACM-SIGOA Conference on Office Information Systems, Toronto, Canada, Jun. 25-27, 1984, pp. 1-29. Sarin, S. K., Interactive On-Line Conferences, Ph.D. Thesis, M.I.T. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, May 1984, pp. 1-227. Sarin, S. K., and Greif, I., "Computer-Based Real-Time Conferencing Systems," Computer, Oct. 1985, pp. 33-45. Greif, I., Seliger, R. and Weihl, W., "Atomic Data Abstractions in a Distributed Collaborative Editing System," Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Principles of Programmed Languages, St. Petersburg, Fla., Jan. 1986, pp. 160-172. Foster, G., CoLab, Tools for Computer-Based Cooperation, University of California, Computer Science Dvision, Berkeley, Calf., Report No. UCB/CSD 84/215, 1984. Stefik, M., Bobrow, D. G., Mittal, S. and Conway, L., "Knowledge Programming in Loops: Report on an Experimental Course," The Al Magazine, Fall 1983, pp. 3-13. Leblang, D. B. and Chase, R. P., Jr. "Computer-Aided Software Engineering in a Distributed Workstation Environment," in Henderson, P., (Ed.), Proceedings of the ACM SIGSOFT/SIGPLAN Software Engineering Symposium on Practical Software Development Environments, Pittsburgh, Penna., Apr. 23-24, 1984. Stefik, M., and Bobrow, D. G., "Object-Oriented Programming: Themes and Variations," The Al Magazine, 1986, pp. 40-62. Related Data This is a continuation, of application Ser. No. 07/127,814, filed Dec. 2, 1987 now abandoned. Patent Number 4974196 Issue Date 1990 11 27 Appl. Data 246789 1988 09 20 Assignee Hitachi, Ltd. Inventor(s) Iwami, Hidefumi Machida, Tetsuo Wakamori, Fumio Miyake, Tsuguo State/Country JPX Title Method of processing commands for cataloged procedure in multi-window system Abstract In a multi-window system, a plurality of windows are set on a display screen, and data processed results are displayed independently for each window, first and second windows are set on the display screen. When an operator inputs a series of commands so as to effect data processing on the first window, the data processed results based on the inputted commands are displayed on the first window, whereas the inputted commands are sequentially displayed in addition to already inputted commands on the second window. U.S. Class 395/157 340/724 340/799 364/DIG2 364/256 364/462 364/463 364/780 364/927.2 364/927.63 364/927.67 364/943 364/943.1 364/948.2 364/948.3 364/948.32 364/961.2 364/964.1 IPC G06F 3/14 G06F 15/40 G09G 1/07 G09G 5/32 U.S. Refs 4710762 4794386 4829294 4914607 Priority JPX 19870921 62-234802 Patent Number 4982344 Issue Date 1991 01 01 Appl. Data 195230 1988 05 18 Assignee Xerox Corporation Inventor(s) Jordan, Daniel S. State/Country CA Title Accelerating link creation Abstract A data processing system includes a workspace network data structure, such as a hypertext data structure, in which data units corresponding to displayable workspace sets such as cards are linked by linking data units. The data structure also includes a link creation data unit associated with one of the cards. When that card is displayed, a selectable link creation unit, called an AutoLink button, corresponding to the link creation data unit is also displayed. When the user selects the AutoLink button, the link creation data unit is accessed to obtain data for creating a link to another card. The data structure also includes a card creation data unit that is also accessed to create the destination card for the link. An AutoLink button can be repeatedly selected to create several new cards and links between each new card and the card with the AutoLink button. The card creation data unit can also indicate another AutoLink data unit, so that the data structure includes a sequence of link and card creation data units. When a new card is created in response to selection of an AutoLink button, it can be displayed, including any AutoLink buttons it contains. These AutoLink buttons can then be selected to create further links and cards. The AutoLink data unit can also include a parameter indicating a number of levels of links and cards to be created. U.S. Class 395/157 364/DIG2 364/943 364/948.2 364/948.22 395/155 IPC G06F 3/00 U.S. Refs 4613946 4764867 Foreign Refs EPX 198806 0270360 EPX 198810 0287858 Other Refs Note Cards Release 1.2i Reference Manual, Xerox Corporation, 1985. Henderson, Jr., D. Austin and Card, Stuart K., "Rooms: The Use of Multiple Virtual Workspaces to Reduce Space Contention in a Window-Based Graphical User Inerface", ACM Transactions on Graphics, vol. 5, No. 3, Jul. 1986, pp. 211-243. Halasz, Frank G., Moran, Thomas P. and Trigg, Randall H., "NoteCards in a Nutshell", Proceedings of the AMC CHI+GI '87 Conference, Toronto, Canada, Apr. 5-9, 1987, pp. 1-9. Garrett, L. Nancy, Smith, Karen E., and Meyrowtiz, Norman, "Intermedia; Issues, Strategies, and Tactics in the Design of a Hypermedia Document System", Proceedings of CSCW'86, Austin, Texas, Dec. 3-5, 1986, pp. 163-174. Meyrowitz, Norman, "Intermedia: The Architecture and Construction of an Object-Oriented Hypermedia System and Applications Framework", Oopsla '86 Conference Proceedings, Sep. 29-Oct. 2, 1986, ppl. 186-201. Trigg, Randy and Farley, Art, "NNCaseCluster", Xerox Corporation, 1988, pp. 1-3. Goodman, Danny, The Complete HyperCard Handbook, A Bantam Book, Sep. 1987, pp. 65-67, 185-192. NoteCards.RTM. Release 1.1i Reference, Manual, Xerox Corporation, 1985. Jensen, Anne-Marie S., Jordan, Daniel S., and Russell, Daniel M., "The Ide System for Creating Instruction", presented to Applications of Artificial Intelligence and CD-ROM in Education and Training Conference, Arlington, Va., Oct. 1987. Russell, D. M., Moran, T. P., and Jordan, D. S., "The Instructional-Design Environment", in Psotak, J., Massey, L. D., and Mutter, S. A., (eds.), Intelligent Tutoring Systems, Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum, 1988, pp. 203-228. Feiner, Steven et al., "An Experiment System for Creating and Presenting Interactive Graphical Documents," AMC Transactions on Graphics, vol. 1, No. 1, Jan. 1982, pp. 59-77. Halasz, Frank G., "Reflections on NoteCards: Seven Issues for the Next Generation of Hypermedia Systems", Hypertext '87 Papers, Nov. 1987, pp. 345-365. Robertson, G., McCracken, D., Newell, A., "The ZOG Approach to Man-Machine Communication", Int. J. Man-Machine Studies, (1981), 14, pp. 461"488. Patent Number 4982345 Issue Date 1991 01 01 Appl. Data 299901 1989 01 23 Assignee International Business Machines Corporation Inventor(s) Callahan, Robert M. Liang, Bob C. State/Country NY Title Interactive computer graphics display system processing method for identifying an operator selected displayed object Abstract An interactive computer graphics display system processing method for identifying a displayed primitive that intersects an operator selected area of the display screen. Pursuant to the method, the operator selected area of the display screen is reverse mapped to world coordinate space; data representative of displayed geometric primitives is then clipped against the reverse mapped selected area in world coordinate space; and clipped data representative of displayed geometric primitives that intersect the reverse mapped selected area are identified for operator defined application processing. Further processing steps include mapping of the identified data to screen coordinate space and rasterization of the data for display in the screen monitor. A zoom processing method is also provided wherein an original operator defined zoom window is transformed from screen coordinate space to world coordinate space and the boundaries of the transformed window in world coordinate space are utilized as data clipping boundaries. After clipping, data representative of a displayed geometric primitive outside the inverse mapped zoom window is discarded, thus preventing the rerasterization of geometric primitives outside the zoom window. Further processing includes mapping of the identified data to a defined zoom window in screen coordinate space for operator viewing and selection of a particular geometric primitive for application processing. U.S. Class 395/155 340/747 395/134 395/139 395/157 IPC G06F 15/626 U.S. Refs 3589289 3715744 3725563 3885097 4112422 4371893 4412296 4451895 4507523 4779081 4805117 4811241 4821209 Other Refs Foley et al., Fundamentals of Interactive Computer Graphics, pp. 433-461, 1983. IBM Technical Disclosure Bulletin, vol. 28, No. 8, Jan. 1986, p. 3252. Patent Number 4992955 Issue Date 1991 02 12 Appl. Data 261330 1988 10 24 Assignee Hitzchi, Ltd. Inventor(s) Yabuuchi, Shigeru Yoshizawa, Satoshi Ejiri, Masakazu Kashioka, Seiji Kurosu, Yasuo Aotsu, Hiroaki State/Country JPX Title Apparatus for representing continuous tone and high contrast images on a bilevel display Abstract A half tone display apparatus using a display apparatus of bilevel representation in white and black is provided. The apparatus includes a unit supplied with a multilevel image such as a color image, a device for detecting edges in characters, patterns and photographic images, a unit for deriving a level difference between pixels adjacent to the edge, and a control unit for forcibly displaying a pixel of the edge portion as a white or black pixel for emphasis provided that the level difference is not larger than a predetermined threshold and for applying dither conversion to other pixels. U.S. Class 395/128 358/456 358/465 382/50 395/131 395/157 IPC G06F 15/66 G06F 3/14 H04N 1/40 U.S. Refs 4246614 4554593 4577235 4686579 4737859 4783832 4797943 Foreign Refs JPX 197910 144141 JPX 198600 281370 Other Refs Jarvis et al., "A Survey of Techniques for the Display of Continuous Tone Pictures on Bilevel Displays", Computer Graphics and Image Processing 5, 1976, pp. 13-40. Priority JPX 19871028 62-270199 Patent Number 5001697 Issue Date 1991 03 19 Appl. Data 154546 1988 02 10 Assignee IBM Corp. Inventor(s) Torres, Robert J. State/Country TX Title Method to automatically vary displayed object size with variations in window size Abstract A method to maintain all of the information that is originally displayed in a window on the display screen in an interactive information handling system, as the size of the window is decreased. A plurality of character sets which have different appropriate width and height attributes are stored in the system. When the size of the window is decreased, a stored character set is selected based on the amount that the window is decreased. Characters from the selected set are then substituted for the corresponding text characters originally displayed. Since the selected character set contains proportionally smaller characters no information is lost. The method allows the operator to dynamically vary the window size, after the initial window has been displayed, by operator action, such as by movement of a mouse. Movement of the mouse in a generally horizontal direction with the button in the held position causes the horizontal window size to decrease. The amount of decrease is calculated in real time by monitoring the movement of the mouse and cursor position. A table is stored in memory which lists all of the displayable character sets that are available. Each character set has a width attribute and a height attribute. A percentage decrease in width and height is stored in the table representing changes from the corresponding attributes of the standard character set that is normally used to display information in the system. If the user sizes the window below limits of readability or system capability for resolution, the window components are replaced with a graphic representation of the data or with icons. If the user decides to restore the size of the original, a 1- step key or mouse button sequence is available. U.S. Class 395/139 340/721 340/723 340/750 395/156 395/157 395/159 IPC G06F 3/153 G06G 1/16 U.S. Refs 4435703 4476464 4503427 4644319 4648062 4656603 4700320 4780710 4847788 Patent Number 5003499 Issue Date 1991 03 26 Appl. Data 193788 1988 05 13 Assignee Hitachi, Ltd. Inventor(s) Fujiwara, Masaki Taniguchi, Shigeki Kawase, Masaki Masuda, Kiyoshi State/Country JPX Title Document preparation apparatus having rearrangement apparatus for rearranging text according to region attribate information Abstract The document edition unit includes region set apparatus for setting a size of the region to a size corresponding to the print output, region attribute set apparatus for setting attribute information, region information hold apparatus, and text re-determination apparatus. The text data edition unit includes text input control apparatus. The region information hold apparatus manages the size and position of the region set by the region set apparatus in the size and at the position corresponding to those of at the time of print output, and manages the attributes set by the region attribute set apparatus so as to correspond to them. The text input control apparatus controls the arrangement to the character string at the time of text input by referring to the region information whose position on the page is fixed. When the user makes the operation which changes the input region of the text, the text re-determination apparatus re-determines the arrangement of the texts inside the page in accordance with the region. U.S. Class 395/146 395/148 395/156 395/157 IPC G06F 3/12 U.S. Refs 4608662 4754428 4800510 Priority JPX 19870518 62-120587 Patent Number 5008853 Issue Date 1991 04 16 Appl. Data 127993 1987 12 02 Assignee Xerox Corporation Inventor(s) Bly, Sara A. Farrand, A. Brady Hodges, Jeffery D. Kupfer, Michael D. Lewis, Brian T. Maybury, William J. Tallan, Michael L. Tom, Stephen B. State/Country CA Title Representation of collaborative multi-user activities relative to shared structured data objects in a networked workstation environment Abstract A multi-user collaborative system in which the contents as well as the current status of other user activity of a shared structured data object representing one or more related structured data objects in the form of data entries can be concurrently accessed by different users respectively at different workstations connected to a common link. The WYSIWIS user interface representation of the shared structured data object includes an ordered listing of such entries that are maintained by the structured data object and various attributes of each listed entry, inter alia, the type and class of entry; the revision number of the shared structured data object; the number of pages and revision number of each structured data object entry; the date of creation and last revision of each such entry; whether an entry can be accessed by a user and, if not, who has prevented such access to prevent concurrent editing; whether a local instance of an entry is present on a user's system; and a provision for miscellaneous notes or comments relative to each entry for view by other users. Means is provided for maintaining current information relative to the shared structured object and its entries on a user initiated demand updated basis invoked by a user operation, which operation requires updated information to properly implement the operation. U.S. Class 395/153 340/717 364/DIG2 364/918.7 364/920 364/927.2 364/927.4 364/927.63 364/927.92 364/929.12 364/933.9 364/935 364/935.2 364/940 364/940.61 364/940.62 364/940.92 364/943 364/943.43 364/948.2 364/948.22 364/948.3 364/949.3 364/960 364/962 364/962.1 364/963 364/972 364/973 395/157 395/159 IPC G06F 3/14 U.S. Refs 3771137 4410944 4414621 4445174 4516156 4525779 4558413 4560833 4562539 4635189 4650929 4654483 4686698 4698752 4714992 4853843 Other Refs Stefik, M., Foster, G., Bobrow, D. G., Kahn, K., Lanning, S., and Suchman, L., "Beyond the Chalkboard: Computer Support for Collaboration and Problem Solving in Meetings", Communications of the ACM, vol. 30, No. 1 (Jan. 1987), pp. 32-47. Stefik, M., Bobrow, D. G., Foster, G., Lanning, S. and Tatar, D., "WYSIWIS Revised: Early Experiences with Multiuser Interfaces", Proceedings of the Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, Austin, Texas, Dec. 3-5, 1986, pp. 276-290. Gregg Foster et al., "Cognoter, Theory and Practice of a Colab-orative Tool", Proceedings of the Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, Austin, Texas, Dec. 3-5, 1986, pp. 7-15. M. J. Stefik et al., "Integrating Access-Oriented Programming into a Multiparadigm Environment", IEEE Software, pp. 10-18, Jan., 1986. Garrett, L. N., Smith, K. E. and Meyrowitz, N., "Intermedia: Issues, Strategies, and Tactics in the Design of a Hypermedia Document System", Proceedings of the Conference on Computer-Supported Collaborative Work, Austin, Texas, Dec. 3-5, 1986, pp. 163-175. Foster, G., "Collaborative Systems and Multi-User Interfaces", Ph.D. Thesis, University of California, Computer Science Division, pp. 1-201, Report No. CSD/UCB 1986, 86/326. "Filing", VP Series Reference Library, Version 1.0, Xerox Corporation, 1985, pp. 1-60. Interleaf Technical Publishing Software Reference Manual, Release 3.0, vol. 1, 1986, pp. 15-1-15-18, 16-1-16-19. Sarin, S. K. and Greif, I., "Software for Interactive On-Line Conferences", Proceedings ACM-SIGOA Conference on Office Information Systems, Toronto, Canada, Jun. 25-27, 1984, pp. 1-29. Sarin, S. K. Interactive On-Line Conferences, Ph.D. Thesis, M.I.T. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, May, 1984, pp. 3, 47-57, 75-78 and 201-227. Sarin, S. K. and Greif, I., "Computer-Based Real-Time Conferencing Systems", Computer, Oct. 1985, pp. 33-45. Greif, I., Seliger, R. and Weihl, W., "Atomic Data Abstractions in a Distributed Collaborative Editing System", Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages, St. Petersburg, Fla., Jan. 1986, pp. 160-172. Foster, G., CoLab, Tools for Computer-Based Cooperation, University of California, Computer Science Division, Berkeley, Calif., pp. 1-15, Report No. UCB/CSD 84/215, 1984. Stefik, M. Bobrow, D. G., Mittal, S. and Conway, L., "Knowledge Programming in Loops: Report on an Experimental Course", The AI Magazine, Fall, 1983, pp. 3-13. Leblang, D. B. and Chase, R. P., Jr., "Computer-Aided Software Engineering in a Distributed Workstation Environment", In Henderson, P., (Ed.), Proceedings of the ACM SIGSOFT/SIGPLAN Software Engineering Symposium on Practical Software Development Environments, Pittsburgh, Penn., Apr. 23-24, 1984. Lewis, B. T., "Experience with a System for Controlling Software Versions in a Distributed Environment", Proceedings of the Symposium on Application and Assessment of Automated Tools for Software Development, IEEE University of Texas, Austin, Nov. 1-3, 1983, pp. 40-62. K. Marzullo et al., "Jasmine: A Software System Modelling Facility", Proceedings of the Symposium on Practical Software Development Environments, Palo Alto, Calif., Dec. 9-11, 1986, SIGPLAN Notices, vol. 22(1), pp. 121-130, Jan., 1987. David K. Gifford, "Violet, an Experimental Decentralized System", pp. 1-14, CSL-79-12, Palo Alto Research Center, Sept., 1979. William H. Paxton, "A Client-Based Transaction System to Maintain Data Integrity", pp. 1-13, CSL-80-3, Xerox Palo Alto Research Center, Mar., 1980. Willilam H. Paxton, "A Client-Based Transaction System to Maintain Data Integrity", Proceedings of the Seventh Symposium on Operating Systems Principles, pp. 18-23, Dec. 10-12, 1979, Pacific Grove, Calif. Mark R. Brown et al., "The Alpine File System", pp. 1-33, CSL-84-4, Xerox Palo Alto Research Center, Oct., 1984. R. Kasperski et al., "Cantata: Group Protocols in a Conferencing Environment", Proceedings of the 1986 IEEE International Conference on Systems, pp. 1343-1346, Oct. 14-17, 1986, Atlanta, Ga. I. Greif et al., "Data Sharing in Group Work", Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, pp. 175-183, Dec. 3, 1986. M. Stefik et al., "WYSIWIS Revised: Early Experience with Multiuser Interfaces", ACM Transactions on Office Information Systems, vol. 5(2), pp. 147-167, Apr. 1987. Patent Number 5025249 Issue Date 1991 06 18 Appl. Data 206026 1988 06 13 Assignee Digital Equipment Corporation Inventor(s) Seiler, Larry D. Pappas, James L. Rose, Robert C. State/Country MA Title Pixel lookup in multiple variably-sized hardware virtual colormaps in a computer video graphics system Abstract This invention adds a window dependent base value to the pixel values read from a frame buffer or other source of pixel values. The base value points to the base of the colormap for that window, which is allocated within a larger, physical colormap. Each window can access physical colormap entries starting at its base value and extending up to the base value plus the maximum pixel value used in that window. Adding a window dependent base value to the pixel values for each window allows different windows to use different colormaps, each of which can be allocated to any contiguous set of entries in the physical colormap. Each window's virtual colormap need only use as many entries in the physical colormap as there are entries in the virtual colormap. Finally, virtual colormaps can be compacted or otherwise reallocated in the physical colormap without requiring changes in the pixel values stored in the frame buffer. Only the colormap base values stored for each window need be changed. U.S. Class 340/721 340/522 340/723 340/729 340/734 395/131 395/157 IPC G09G 1/00 U.S. Refs 4204206 4386410 4412294 4484187 4542376 4545070 4550315 4642790 4694288 4700320 4710761 4710767 4727425 4752893 4772881 Patent Number 5036315 Issue Date 1991 07 30 Appl. Data 241031 1988 09 06 Assignee Spectragraphics, Inc. Inventor(s) Gurley, James State/Country CA Title Simultaneous display of interleaved windowed video information from multiple asynchronous computers on a single video monitor Abstract A first computer workstation running windowed display system and applications programs produces a first video signal of a composite, windowed, display plus a first data signal indicating the dedications, positions, and sizes of all windows. A second computer asynchronously digitally communicates a second display signal to a communications controller and then to a display controller. The display controller also receives the first data signal plus the sync pulse of the first video signal. It produces, from the second display signal, a second video display signal that (i) is synchronized with the first video signal and (ii) contains display information positioned and scaled to be within a window dedicated to the second computer. It produces a switch control signal indicating the portions of each raster scan of the synchronized video signals that are inside and outside the dedicated window. The switch control signal gates in a video switch either the first or the second video signal to a video monitor. The video monitor displays windows showing information from the first computer plus a dedicated window showing information from the second computer. U.S. Class 340/721 340/723 395/157 IPC G09G 5/14 U.S. Refs 4653020 4663617 4736309 4757441 4761642 4859995 4890257 Patent Number 5040131 Issue Date 1991 08 13 Appl. Data 432001 1989 11 03 Assignee International Business Machines Corporation Inventor(s) Torres, Robert J. State/Country TX Title Graphical processing Abstract The automatic access of processes running on a computer is made possible by the display of graphic icons corresponding to the processes. A user can manipulate data in a table and then select a view function which results in the display of icons corresponding to potentially valid processes for the data in the table. By marking data in the table, the user causes only those icons corresponding to valid processes valid for the marked data to be displayed in a manner which allows selection of the icons. If the user then selects one of these icons, the system automatically makes the operation corresponding to the selected icon for the marked data. The user may then place the result of the operation on the display screen by dragging the selected icon to the desired location on the screen. U.S. Class 395/156 395/157 395/159 IPC G06F 15/403 U.S. Refs 4419756 4648062 4653090 4688195 4835735 4859187 Other Refs Microsoft Multiplan for Apple Macintosh 1984, pp. 25-27. Related Data This application is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 07/137,137, filed Dec. 23, 1987, entitled Graphical Statistical Processing, now abandoned. Patent Number 5043919 Issue Date 1991 08 27 Appl. Data 287751 1988 12 19 Assignee International Business Machines Corporation Inventor(s) Callaway, Janet R. McConaughy, John M. Pancoast, Steven T. Thompson, Joan M. State/Country TX Title Method of and system for updating a display unit Abstract This invention relates to updating a display unit associated with a remote computer system communicating with a host computer system. Information, which is currently being displayed on the display unit and information to be displayed thereon are compared to determine any differences which exist therebetween. If the differences exceed a predetermined value, an update command is generated and transmitted by the host computer system to the remote computer system along with the information to be displayed if facilitate the updating of the display unit. If the differences do not exceed the predetermined value, it is determined which of a plurality change categories should be used to transmit the differences to the remote system in the most efficient manner. An update command, which is associated with the selected one of the plurality of change categories, and data representing the differences are then enqueued for transmission to the remote system to facilitate the updating of the display unit. U.S. Class 395/157 395/162 395/164 IPC G06F 15/20 U.S. Refs 4119953 4641263 4642790 4665501 Other Refs Sarin, S. K., "Software for Interactive On Line Conferences", To Appear in Proceedings ACM-SIGOA Conference on Office Information Systems, Jun. 1984, pp. 1-29. Sarin, S., "Computer-Based Real-Time Conferencing Systems", Oct. 1985, pp. 33-45. Foster, G., "Cognoter, Theory and Practice of a Colab-Orative Tool", 1986, pp. 7-15. Steffik, M., "WYSIWIS Revised: Early Experiences with MultiUser Interfaces", Dec. 3-5, 1986, pp. 276-290. Patent Number 5043923 Issue Date 1991 08 27 Appl. Data 655226 1991 02 12 Assignee Sun Microsystems, Inc. Inventor(s) Joy, William Ergene, Serdar Sun, Szu-Cheng State/Country CA Title Apparatus for rapidly switching between frames to be presented on a computer output display Abstract A computer output system having a first full screen bitmapped memory, a second full screen bitmapped memory, logic circuitry for providing input signals for writing information to be displayed by an output device to each position of the first memory, logic circuitry for storing in the second memory the positions of each position of the first memory to be written to the output device, and logic circuitry for comparing the signal stored at each position of the first memory and the signal stored at the same position of the second memory to determine whether information at the position is to be written to the output device. U.S. Class 395/164 340/725 395/152 395/157 IPC G06F 15/62 U.S. Refs 4550315 4769762 4823108 4829454 4852024 4907174 Foreign Refs EPX 198411 0149310 A2 EPX 198509 0175341 A2 EPX 198512 0185294 A2 EPX 198603 0197413 A2 GBX 198301 2113950 A GBX 198309 2130857 A GBX 198405 2141908 A GBX 198407 2144607 A GBX 198510 2181928 A GBX 198807 2214038 A Other Refs Computer Dictionary, Fourth Edition, Charles J. Sippl, 1985, p. 35. Related Data This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 07/254,957 filed Oct. 7, 1988, now abandoned. Patent Number 5050107 Issue Date 1991 09 17 Appl. Data 307197 1989 02 03 Assignee Hewlett-Packard Company Inventor(s) Cannon, Wayne C. Donecker, S. Bruce Neering, Michael J. State/Country CA Title Side-by-side displays for instrument having a data processing system Abstract A data processing system for processing measurement instrument data is disclosed having a processor for digitally manipulating the measurement instrument data, a memory for storing the digitally manipulated data, and a display. In one preferred embodiment, the display simultaneously displays side by side two traces of the data, so as to provide two independent side by side displays. The displays can be either real time or can be recovered from memory, and a plotter can be used to produce hard copy. In another embodiment, the display provides a trace of the data with a plurality of markers. The user can then choose one of the markers as a reference and the processor will automatically provide the value of the trace at each of the other markers relative to the value of the reference marker. In another embodiment, the system includes a keyboard having a value key for entering into the processor the current value of a marker on the data trace. U.S. Class 395/103 395/157 IPC G06F 15/00 G09G 1/06 G01R 13/20 U.S. Refs 3881059 4072851 4134149 4253152 4364036 4427937 4471348 4533910 4542376 4555775 4559533 4586036 4598384 4641348 4642790 4649496 4660150 4760331 Foreign Refs DEX 197710 2713337 Other Refs Tektronix, Inc. 1983 Catalog, pp. 8, 68 and 259, Copyright 1982. Related Data This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 06/931,482, filed Nov. 14, 1986, now abandoned, which is a divisional of Ser. No. 569,531, filed Jan. 9, 1984, now U.S. Pat. No. 4,616,387. Patent Number 5050405 Issue Date 1991 09 24 Appl. Data 445620 1990 01 04 Assignee IRO AB Inventor(s) Jacobsson, Kurt A. G. State/Country SEX Title Method for positively feeding an elastic yarn, and circular knitting machine Abstract In a method for positively feeding an elastic yarn to the knitting system of a circular knitting machine having a yarn feeder apparatus controlled by an electronic control unit, the apparatus of a take-out signal (A) initiates the count of a preselected number of position signals (p) before generating a stop signal (S), or otherwise the take-out signal (A) is disregarded for a preselected space of time at the end of which the stop signal (S) is generated, the number of position signals (p) or the space of time, respectively, being selected in accordance with the yarn quality and/or the distance between the yarn feeder apparatus and the knitting system. In this manner the yarn feeding operation is continued for relaxing the elastic yarn. The electronic control unit (3) of the yarn feeder apparatus (2) in the circular knitting machine (1) includes a delay circuit (19) for controlling the generation of the stop signal (S). U.S. Class 395/157 242/47.01 395/159 IPC D04B 15/50 U.S. Refs 3327499 3745793 3780541 4586543 4702285 4716943 4739942 4756344 4768565 4850400 Foreign Refs DEX 197805 2651857 Priority SEX 19870505 8701876 PCT Number PCT/EP88/00384 PCT Pub. Date 19881117 PCT Pub. No. WO88/08893 PCT Filing Date 19880505 PCT 371 Date 19900104 PCT 102 (e) Date 19900104 Patent Number 5057825 Issue Date 1991 10 15 Appl. Data 413534 1989 09 28 Assignee Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Inventor(s) Fujii, Naoki State/Country JPX Title Window display control device Abstract There is disclosed a window display control device for display of a window image on a CRT image plane or the like. This device enables high speed data display in a virtual window region on renewal of the image plane thereof, and also enables preferential data display in the virtual window region without waiting for renewal of the entire body of an output data text thereof. U.S. Class 340/721 340/723 395/157 IPC G09G 1/06 U.S. Refs 4618858 4700320 4710767 Foreign Refs WOX 198610 8605910 Priority JPX 19880929 63-242510 Patent Number 5060170 Issue Date 1991 10 22 Appl. Data 391290 1989 08 09 Assignee International Business Machines Corp. Inventor(s) Bourgeois, Nancy E. Hause, Sandra L. Lindquist, Arwin B. State/Country NC Title Space allocation and positioning method for screen display regions in a variable windowing system Abstract In display screen or system technology, a window is a viewing area on the video display. It may be the full screen region or a smaller region represented within a border of typically rectangular shape into which data from application programs and the like may be written for display. One or more windows may appear on the face of a video display screen. In the context of the present invention, the window areas are of variable size selected by the operator and resizing of the regions or areas within each variable window must be modified to suit the newly selected window size. Attributes associated with the regions to be placed within a given window include those for relative priority of display within the window, location within the window and the minimum dimensions of each region to be included within the window. Program controlled operations examine the minimum specifications for the regions to be displayed within a window in comparison with the operator-selected window size in which the regions are to be displayed, and aportion the available window space among the regions to be displayed in accordance with their relative priority and location in the window and their specified minimum sizes, and generate the control parameters necessary for recreating the window display with the appropriate regional spaces allocated and located within the window. U.S. Class 395/157 340/721 IPC G06F 3/14 U.S. Refs 4598384 4651146 4653020 4663617 4698779 4731606 4783648 4789962 4794386 4823108 4823303 4961070 5001697 Patent Number 5062060 Issue Date 1991 10 29 Appl. Data 355092 1989 05 17 Assignee Motorola Inc. Inventor(s) Kolnick, Frank C. State/Country CAX Title Computer human interface comprising user-adjustable window for displaying or printing information Abstract In a computer human interface an adjustable "window" enables the user to view a portion of an abstract, device-independent "picture" description of information. More than one window can be opened at a time. Each window can be sized independently of another, regardless of the applications running on them. The human interface creates a separate "object" (represented by a process) for each active picture and for each active window. The pictures are completely independent of each other. That is, none is aware of the existence of any other, and any picture can be updated without reference to, and without affect upon, any other. The same is true of windows. Thus the visual entity seen on a user's screen is represented by two objects: a window (distinguished by its frame title, icons, etc.) and a picture which is (partially) visible within the boundaries of the window's frame. Multiple pictures can be updated simultaneously, and windows can be moved around on the screen and their sizes changed without the involvement of other windows or pictures. Also, such operations are performed without involving the application updating the window. U.S. Class 395/159 340/724 340/750 395/157 IPC G06F 3/14 U.S. Refs 3534338 4555775 4587633 4598384 4642790 4694288 4694396 4714918 Related Data This application is a continuation of prior application Ser. No. 000,625, filed Jan. 5, 1987 now abandoned. Patent Number 5063525 Issue Date 1991 11 05 Appl. Data 549237 1990 07 09 Assignee Fanuc Ltd. Inventor(s) Kurakake, Mitsuo Otsuka, Shoichi Muraoka, Yutaka State/Country JPX Title Picture processing apparatus including data conversion table for performing convolutional processing Abstract A picture processing apparatus inputs window data (W) to look-up tables (TBL) in which operators (G or F) to be applied to pixel data (x) are stored in correlation to the locations of the pixel data. By switching between the operators (G or F) contained in the look-up tables (TBL), window processing corresponding to a data address (i,j) is performed on input pixel data (x.sub.ij). U.S. Class 395/157 382/41 382/42 IPC G06F 15/66 G06K 9/54 U.S. Refs 4156914 4162481 4225861 4635292 4755954 4823281 4829454 4852024 Priority JPX 19860527 61-121994 Related Data This is a continuation of co-pending application Ser. No. 07/130,237, filed on Nov. 25, 1987, now abandoned. Patent Number 5073933 Issue Date 1991 12 17 Appl. Data 444663 1989 12 01 Assignee Sun Microsystems, Inc. Inventor(s) Rosenthal, David S. H. State/Country CA Title X window security system Abstract The method of rendering an X Windows server system running on a server and at least one host computer terminal secure including the steps of allowing users to view only resources of the X Windows server system the use of which has been specifically authorized to that user, and allowing users to manipulate only resources of the X Windows server system the use of which has been specifically authorized to that user. U.S. Class 380/25 380/4 380/23 380/30 380/49 395/157 IPC H04L 9/30 G06F 13/14 U.S. Refs 4896291 4903218 4928247 Foreign Refs EPX 198802 0254854-A2 GBX 198704 2181281-A Other Refs Meyer, Malytas, Cryptography: A New Dimension in Computer Data Security, John Wiley & Sons, 1982, pp. 32-33, 48-53, 392-394. Denning, Cryptography and Data Security, Addison-Wesley, 1982, pp. 117-125. P. Forme, "PC/NOS: Un Reseau Local Pas Comme Les Autres"; Micro-Systems, (Nov. 1986; pp. 94-97; In French). Patent Number 5075675 Issue Date 1991 12 24 Appl. Data 213423 1988 06 30 Assignee International Business Machines Corporation Inventor(s) Barker, Barbara A. Edel, Thomas R. Stark, Jeffrey A. State/Country TX Title Method and apparatus for dynamic promotion of background window displays in multi-tasking computer systems Abstract A method and apparatus are disclosed for dynamically promoting a selected background window displayed on a computer system among a plurality of windows which at least partially overlap the background window. The output of data from the selected background window is monitored and is utilized to selectively provide an unencumbered display by altering the display sequence of the windows to automatically promote the background window to the uppermost display position, in accordance with the state of a display attribute associated with the background window. After the output of data by the selected window has occurred, the display attribute may be utilized to determine whether or not the selected window returns to its previous display position or remains in the uppermost display position. U.S. Class 340/721 340/723 364/DIG2 364/286.2 364/286.3 364/927.2 364/927.63 364/927.631 364/948.11 364/948.2 364/948.22 395/157 IPC G06F 3/14 U.S. Refs 4070710 4533910 4542376 4555775 4642790 4651146 4670752 4688167 4694288 4731745 4736309 4761642 4780710 4783648 4806919 4819189 4829294 4860218 4890098 4890257 4954818 Patent Number 5077678 Issue Date 1991 12 31 Appl. Data 631744 1990 12 20 Assignee Texas Instruments Incorporated Inventor(s) Guttag, Karl W. Asal, Michael D. Novak, Mark F. State/Country TX Title Graphics data processor with window checking for determining whether a point is within a window Abstract A graphics data processor which includes the capability of determining whether a defined pixel location in a graphics display is within a window in an X Y coordinate system. The respective X and Y coordinates of the selected pixel are separately compared with the window limits. The window limits are preferable expressed as the X and Y coordinates of two diagonally opposite vertexes of a rectangular window. The results of this comparison are preferably available in two forms. In a first embodiment a single data processing instruction enables the generation of a digital data word which indicates the relation of the pixel to the window. This digital word includes a separate indication of the relationship of the pixel to the vertical and horizontal window limits. This indication can be used to generate a "trivial rejection" in determining whether a line or line segment passes through the window by ANDing the results for two points on the line. In a second embodiment the window compare capability is employed to determine whether or not a destination pixel is within the window. This is useful in array move instructions in which an entire array of pixels is moved to a location in the display. The array move may be aborted if a window violation is found or the move may be modified to plot to the display only those pixels within the window. This capability enables saving a great deal of time in graphics applications in which windows are employed by reducing the overhead needed for window determinations. U.S. Class 395/157 IPC C06F 15/62 U.S. Refs 4257044 4412296 4481594 4495491 4598384 4779210 Other Refs Electronic Design, "CRT Chip Controls Bit-Mapped Graphics and Alphanumerics", Yonezawa et al., Jun. 14, 1984, pp. 247-256. First Microcomputer Engineering Dept. Musashi Works, Microcomputer Technical Marketing Dept. Semiconductor IC Division Hitachi Ltd., "HD63484 ACRTC". Advanced CRT Controller Revision 2.0 7/15/84, pp. Bi, B35, B125, B159, B160, B161, B162, B163, B164, B165, B166, B282, B283. First Microcomputer Engineering Dept. Musashi Works, Microcomputer Technical Marketing Dept. Semiconductor IC Division Hitashi Ltd., "Introduction of HD63484 ACRTC REV O July 23, 1984", pp. A1, A6, A13, A25, A29. Foley, James D. and Van Dam, Andrias, Fundamentals of Interactive Computer Graphics, 1982, pp. 146-149. Related Data This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 07/442,427, filed Nov. 21, 1989 which is a continuation of application Ser. No. 07/317,043, filed Feb. 24, 1989, which is a continuation of application Ser. No. 06/790,299, filed Oct. 22, 1985, all now abandoned. Patent Number 5091720 Issue Date 1992 02 25 Appl. Data 304382 1989 01 30 Assignee International Business Machines Corporation Inventor(s) Wood, Roger T. State/Country GB2 Title Display system comprising a windowing mechanism Abstract In a display system having a palette for chrominance and/or luminance information, a display buffer for information defining the pixels of a display field, including index values for indexing the palette select the chrominance and/or luminance of the pixels, a windowing mechanism is provided for associating a different range of index values with each of a plurality of windows and for responding to index values stored at individual pixel positions in the display buffer to determine the visible extent of a given window within the display field. This allows a plurality of windows to be displayed with a minimum of extra logic and without unduly constraining the choice of colors available within those windows. In the described embodiment, windows are defined in a first phase by storing index values from the range of values associated with that window at all pixel positions for that window. Then, in a second phase, the output of a range comparator for comparing index values stored in the display buffer to the range of values associated with a given window is used to control multiplexer means to cause an item of update information destined for a particular pixel position to be stored at that pixel position in the display buffer only if the comparison is positive. U.S. Class 340/721 340/734 395/131 395/157 IPC G09G 5/14 U.S. Refs 4484187 4509043 4642790 4794386 4876533 Other Refs IBM Technical Disclosure Bulletin, "Color Display Window Control", vol. 29 No. 6 Nov. 1986 pp. 2526 and 2527. IBM Technical Disclosure Bulletin, "Clipping and Windowing with Graphics Display", vol. 28 No. 8 Jan. 1986 pp. 3276 and 3277. IBM Personal System/2 Display Adapter 8514/A Technical Reference Manual Apr. 2, 1987 pp. 2-87 and 2-88. Priority GBX 19880223 8804166 Patent Number 5091866 Issue Date 1992 02 25 Appl. Data 489724 1990 03 02 Assignee Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Inventor(s) Takagi, Shiro State/Country JPX Title Information processing apparatus displaying multiple windows and distinguishing indicia Abstract A display unit displays data to be processed. The display unit is capable of displaying a plurality of windows for displaying the data therein. A controller outputs the control data to display the plurality of windows and an indicia on the display unit. An operating unit supplies the controller with a position signal to move the indicia to a desired location. An area unit checks whether the indicia is located a predetermined window area of the windows being displayed on the display unit, any data displayed in the predetermined window area being processed prior to the data displayed in any other window area. A specifying unit supplies signals to the controller, the signals specifying, in accordance with the check results made by said area check unit, a condition in which the indicia is displayed to demonstrate whether the indicia is being displayed in the predetermined window area or in the other window areas. U.S. Class 395/158 395/157 IPC G06F 15/62 U.S. Refs 4651146 4653020 4661810 4683468 4710767 4769762 4772882 4806919 4819189 4829294 4833596 4890098 4890257 Priority JPX 19861226 61-315332 Related Data This application is a continuation, of application Ser. No. 07/136,391, filed 12/22/87, now abandoned. Patent Number 5119476 Issue Date 1992 06 02 Appl. Data 369232 1989 06 22 Assignee Bull S.A. Inventor(s) Texier, Michel State/Country FRX Title Method for generating dialogue-windows visually displayed on a computer-screen and equipment for implementing this method Abstract A method of creating data entry forms provides for the display of dialogue-windows on a computer system screen operating in a multi-window graphic mode. The windows are displayed by organizing the windows into one or more pages, each of which can be materialized by one screen window. In each page, at least one active zone, page or part of a page is defined which can react to an external event such as an operator initiated input. The active zone is then associated with a set of "editor" functions, wherein at least one reaction function of the active zone is responsive to activation by an external event or input. U.S. Class 395/157 395/148 IPC G06F 15/63 U.S. Refs 4794386 Foreign Refs EPX 198212 0067303 EPX 198708 0230994 WOX 198803 88/02147 Priority FRX 19880622 88 08381 Patent Number 5121477 Issue Date 1992 06 09 Appl. Data 179468 1988 04 08 Assignee International Business Machines Inc. Inventor(s) Koopmans, Sytze T. Watson, Susan L. C. State/Country NLX Title System for interactively creating action bar pull-down windows of a user interface for use at program run time Abstract Customized screens are generated in accordance with the invention for interfacing with an application program in an information processing system. During a panel definition phase when a panel designer creates a customized panel, panel actions are selected from a default list of panel operations and commands, including searching, adding, changing or deleting data from a database, showing long fields, blanking out a panel, displaying a prior panel, and printing. The actions are specified in a pop-up window during panel definition. Mnemonics and function keys may be specified for each action. The invention dynamically creates pull-down windows based on the actions specified which become part of the panel interface available to the run time user from an application action bar. Users may select actions to interact with the panel in like manner to interaction with other portions of the application user interface by means of cursor selection, input of the action number, mnemonics, or activation of a function key. Also during panel design a custom word or phrase for the panel action may be specified for subsequent display in the pull-down windows during run time. A mode such as Add data or Change data is specified for each selected panel action item during panel definition. During panel run time, and after selection of an execution mode, panel actions pull-down windows previously thereby designed may be displayed. A list of only those panel actions previously selected in the panel actions design pop-up window corresponding to the execution mode selected appears. U.S. Class 395/156 364/226.1 364/286.1 364/286.2 364/286.3 395/157 IPC G06F 3/03 U.S. Refs Re32633 4460975 4531186 4555775 4586158 4587520 4611306 4642790 4648062 4656603 4688195 4700297 4723209 4727473 4752889 4761642 4763356 4772882 4789962 4791561 4805099 4807142 4835700 4845665 4862390 4870561 4885704 4945476 Foreign Refs EPX 198703 0243671 Other Refs IEEE, "The Dante Application Interface" by D. R. Kuokka and D. Giuse. IBM Systems Journal, vol. 26, No. 2, by P. Halpern, S. M. Roberts and L. Lopez, "An Incidence-Matrix-Driven Panel System for the IBM PC". IBM Technical Disclosure Bulletin, vol. 28, No. 10, Mar. 1986, pp. 4369-4370, "Application Generator for a Personal Computer". "Creating Highly-Interactive and Graphical User Interfaces by Demonstration", by Myers and Buxton, Journal of Association for Computing Machinery, vol. 20, No. 4, 1986, pp. 249 et seq. "IconMaker--Interactive User Interface Design", by Kramer, IEEE Journal, Sep. 1984, pp. 192 et seq. "Management of Interactive Graphics Functionality Beyond GKS", by Chauhan, Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Engineering Software, 1985, pp. 2-31 et seq. "Helix and The Mac Make A Team", Micro Decision, Sep. 1985, pp. 39 et seq. Patent Number 5121478 Issue Date 1992 06 09 Appl. Data 614957 1990 11 15 Assignee Xerox Corporation Inventor(s) Rao, Ramana B. State/Country CA Title Window system with independently replaceable window functionality Abstract A workspace data structure, such as a window hierarchy or network, includes functional data units that include data relating to workspace functionality. These functional data units are associated with data units corresponding to the workspaces such that a functional data unit can be replaced by a functional data unit compatible with a different set of functions without modifying the structure of other data units. Each workspace data unit may have a replaceably associated functional data unit called an input contract relating to its input functions and another called an output contract relating to its output functions. A parent workspace's data unit and the data units of its children may together have a replaceably associated functional data unit, called a windowing contract, relating to the windowing relationship between the parent and the children. The data structure may also include an auxiliary data unit associated between the data units of the parent and children windows, and the windowing contract may be associated with the auxiliary data unit. The contracts can be accessed and replaced by a processor in a system that includes the data structure. The contracts can be instances of classes in an object-oriented programming language, and can be replaceably associated by pointers associated with the system objects. Alternatively, a contract can be replaceably associated through dynamic multiple inheritance, with the superclasses of each workspace class including one or more contract classes such that changing the class of an instance of a workspace class serves to replace the contract. U.S. Class 395/157 IPC G06F 15/20 U.S. Refs 4598384 4658351 4688167 4713754 4769636 4783648 4806919 4807142 4827404 4829294 4890098 4890257 4914568 4914607 4962475 4974173 4982344 5008853 Foreign Refs EPX 198702 0210554 EPX 198712 0247827 EPX 198712 0249399 EPX 198807 274087A EPX 198902 303290A EPX 198909 0333619 Other Refs Krasner, G. E., and Pope, S. T., "A Cookbook for Using the Model-View-Controller User Interface Paradigm in Smalltalk-80," Journal of Objected Oriented Programming, Aug./Sep. 1988, pp. 26-49. Rao, R., "Towards Interoperability and Extensibility in Window Environments via Object Oriented Programming", Master's Thesis, Dept. of Electrical Eng. and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Jun. 1987. Scheifler, R. W. and Gettys, J., "The X Window System", ACM Transactions on Graphics, vol. 5, No. 2, Apr. 1986, pp. 79-109. NeWs Preliminary Technical Overview, Sun Microsystems, Mountain View, Calif., Oct. 1986. "Window", ViewPoint Programmer's Manual, Xerox Corporation, Sep. 1985, pp. 50-1 to 50-16. Bobrow, D. G., DeMichiel, L. G., Gabriel, R. P., Keene, S. E., Kiczales, G., and Moon, D. A., Common Lisp Object System Specification, published pursuant to approval of the ANSI X3J13 Committee, Jun. 15, 1988, pp. 1-1 through 1-48 and 2-1 through 2-94. Related Data This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 07/242,087, filed Sep. 8, 1988, now abandoned. Patent Number 5122972 Issue Date 1992 06 16 Appl. Data 469549 1990 03 20 Assignee International Business Machines Corporation Inventor(s) Richards, Justin J. C. Williams, Kenneth State/Country GB2 Title Help provision in a data processing system Abstract Help is provided to the user of a data processing system having a work station, including a display, and input means including a visible on-screen indicator and a selection means, in response to a request from the user, information on the current state of the system is used to address a store of hierarchical help text information, thereby providing contextual help text which is displayed in a separate window on the display screen alongside information related to the task in hand. A help map function is available which displays concurrently, separately from the help text, a portion of a hierarchical map of the stored help text to be replaced by new help text corresponding to the selected map entry. U.S. Class 395/157 364/DIG1 364/231 364/234 364/234.2 364/234.3 364/236.2 364/236.8 364/237.1 364/237.2 364/261.3 364/261.5 364/280 364/281.3 364/281.7 364/282.1 364/283.2 364/283.3 364/284 364/284.2 364/286 364/286.3 395/160 IPC G06F 3/14 U.S. Refs 4555775 4648062 4752889 4789962 4821211 4823283 4899276 4970678 Foreign Refs EPX 198208 0056886 EPX 198602 0171663 EPX 198712 0249293 EPX 198807 0273248 Other Refs "Flat Hierarchical Menu," International Disclosure Technologies Inc., vol. 25, No. 1, Jan. 25, 1987, #018703. PCT Number PCT/GB88/00584 PCT Pub. Date 19900208 PCT Pub. No. WO90/01190 PCT Filing Date 19880720 PCT 371 Date 19900320 PCT 102 (e) Date 19900320 Patent Number 5140677 Issue Date 1992 08 18 Appl. Data 522300 1990 05 11 Assignee International Business Machines Corporation Inventor(s) Fleming, S. S. Torres, R. J. Keane, P. J. Temple, A. C. C. State/Country TX Title Computer user interface with window title bar mini-icons Abstract Disclosed is a computer system user interface that includes an application or object window with a mini-icon representing the application or object. The mini-icon is available for use in direct manipulation and context menu operations while the window is open. U.S. Class 395/159 395/157 IPC G06F 3/14 U.S. Refs 4899136 Patent Number 5140678 Issue Date 1992 08 18 Appl. Data 519189 1990 05 04 Assignee International Business Machines Corporation Inventor(s) Torres, Robert J. State/Country TX Title Computer user interface with window title bar icons Abstract Disclosed is a computer system user interface that includes a window frame with a window title bar icon. The title bar icon replaces the conventional window title bar and it increases the usable client area of the window without decreasing the number of functions available to the user. U.S. Class 395/159 395/157 IPC G06F 3/14 U.S. Refs 4899136 Other Refs Macintosh Manual, Apple Computer, Inc., 1983, pp. 15, 103. Patent Number 5142618 Issue Date 1992 08 25 Appl. Data 632612 1990 12 26 Assignee Hitachi, Ltd. Inventor(s) Fujiwara, Masaki Taniguchi, Shigeki Kawase, Masaki Tamura, Hitoshi Nakane, Keiichi Masuda, Kiyoshi Kuwabara, Tadashi Kushida, Toshio Seki, Junichi Koreeda, Hiroyuki Mineki, Kozo State/Country JPX Title Window management apparatus for a document creating apparatus Abstract A document creating apparatus for creating and editing a document in which a plurality of different types of descriptive element data, such as text data, graph data, pattern data, image data and other data, coexist. Plural types of edit sections are provided in correspondence with the types of data to be handled. Various types of data are edited under coordination by selecting edit sections corresponding to the types of data, respectively, while maintaining the editing function of the editing section once selected and activated so that the editing section can be selected again without losing its editing function. U.S. Class 395/146 395/157 IPC G06F 3/14 U.S. Refs 4581710 4642790 4653020 4723210 4723211 4764867 Priority JPX 19861121 61-276598 JPX 19861129 61-285692 JPX 19861129 61-285693 JPX 19861129 61-285694 JPX 19861129 61-285695 Related Data This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 122,783 filed on Nov. 19, 1987, abandoned. Patent Number 5142619 Issue Date 1992 08 25 Appl. Data 752882 1991 08 23 Assignee International Business Machines Corporation Inventor(s) Webster, III, John W. State/Country NC Title Method and apparatus for visually comparing files in a data processing system Abstract A method and apparatus for visually comparing two files or portions thereof by visually indicating to the user areas of identity and differences between the items being compared. The items are stored in a video RAM which controls the visual presentation on the screen. The respective pixel settings in the video RAM are exclusively or'ed and the results are then stored in the video RAM so that the difference between the two items are displayed. A user can edit each item, while the comparison is being made, so that the effect of the editing on the differences, is immediately shown and apparent to the user. U.S. Class 395/157 395/161 IPC G06F 3/14 U.S. Refs T922008 3568156 4121196 4430725 4524427 4525803 4555775 4641274 4710767 4723209 4723210 4827330 4864629 4958378 Other Refs Mano M., "Computer Systems Arichitecture", Prentice-Hall Inc., 1976, pp. 1-5. T. R. Hopper et al, "Program for Determining Text Updates", Nov. 1975, IBM TDB vol. 18 No. 6, pp. 1792, 1793. S. Todd, "Serial File Merging Device", Aug. 1978, IBM TDB vol. 21 No. 3, pp. 1244, 1245. Word Perfect Corp., "Word Perfect for IBM Personal Computers", Apr. 1986, pp. 119, 120. Related Data This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 07/482,470 filed Feb. 21, 1990, now abandoned. Patent Number 5142669 Issue Date 1992 08 25 Appl. Data 225890 1988 07 29 Assignee Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Inventor(s) Inoue, Katumi Sakae, Ayumi State/Country JPX Title Text processing apparatus including fixed and scrolled display information Abstract A text processing apparatus includes a keyboard to input various kinds of text information and includes a display to display text information input from the keyboard and an area specifying device to specify an area of the text information displayed on the display device. A scroll instruction device is included to scroll the text information displayed on the display device, memories to store information for use in editing text information input from the keyboard, and a dispaly controller. Reference material can be input into a window on the display. When a scroll command is given, the window containing the reference material will scroll to an edge of the display and will stop. Text displayed outside the window can continue to scroll while the text in the window remains fixed. U.S. Class 395/157 IPC G06F 3/14 U.S. Refs 4328557 4412294 4611202 4710761 4714918 4794386 Foreign Refs JPX 197212 4990459 Other Refs Turbo Prolog Owner's Handbook, Bordland International, Inc., 1986, pp. 15, 169-170. Priority JPX 19870731 62-193145 Patent Number 5146555 Issue Date 1992 09 08 Appl. Data 221350 1988 07 19 Assignee Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Inventor(s) Kiyohara, Toshimi State/Country JPX Title High speed page turning control system and method with display window compression Abstract A high speed page turning control system and method which is capable of representing the page turning process by actively displaying the image of a compressed window on a display, for example a CRT. A first page is displayed on a display, a second page is overlapped with the first page. The first page, is compressed and the image on the second page comes into further view until only the second page is displayed on the display. To do a previous page the display is effected in reverse order. U.S. Class 395/157 340/721 340/723 340/724 395/135 395/144 395/161 IPC G06F 3/14 G06F 15/62 G09G 5/14 U.S. Refs 4559533 4670752 4757302 4808987 4829453 Other Refs IBM Technical Disclosure Bulletin, vol. 28, No. 12, dated May 1986, pp. 5318 and 5319. Priority JPX 19870722 62-184059 Patent Number 5146592 Issue Date 1992 09 08 Appl. Data 301371 1989 01 24 Assignee Visual Information Technologies, Inc. Inventor(s) Pfeiffer, David M. Stoner, David T. Norsworthy, John P. Dipert, Dwight D. Thompson, Jay A. Fontaine, James A. Corry, Michael K. State/Country TX Title High speed image processing computer with overlapping windows-div Abstract An image processor having an image algorithm processor (66) operating under control of a writable control store (94), and a number of parallel image processors (72) operating under control of instruction words from a writable control store (100). An image memory controller (68) receives memory addresses from the image algorithm processor (66) for coordinating the reading and writing of an image memory (82) using pixel data processed by the parallel image processor set (72). The image memory controller (68) arbitrates memory address request cycles, memory refresh cycles and screen refresh cycles. The image memory (82) includes different planes (84, 86 and 88) associated with red, green and blue pixel data. Associated with each image memory plane is a video processor (106) for converting parallel image data to high speed serial image data. The pixel data output by the video processor (106) is further processed through look-up tables (108) to provide red, green and blue color signals for output to a video monitor (28). Overlay data is stored in an overlay memory plane (90), and is processed by an associated overlay data processor (80) and a video output overlay processor (116). A window clipping circuitry monitors the memory addresses from the image algorithm processor (66) to determined whether one or more pixels of a multi-pixel word are located outside of a window. U.S. Class 395/157 395/164 IPC G06F 15/20 U.S. Refs Re31200 3614742 3614766 3641555 3697678 3716842 3735363 3739345 3771141 3787673 3868649 3891792 3906480 3938102 3959774 3976982 3995253 3996559 3996585 4057836 4070710 4090174 4103331 4104624 4119955 4120028 4121283 4128880 4148070 4149152 4163249 4165072 4173783 4183058 4197590 4208723 4228430 4229797 4237543 4258385 4259718 4266242 4303986 4309691 4330833 4357624 4375638 4386410 4395697 4395698 4395700 4414621 4434502 4435792 4437121 4439759 4439760 4442495 4459677 4463372 4463380 4467412 4468688 4472732 4475161 4477802 4482979 4484187 4484346 4484349 4485402 4491834 4496944 4498155 4500875 4511962 4511965 4514818 4533910 4543645 4545068 4545070 4562435 4563703 4564915 4571635 4574277 4578812 4595958 4602285 4602286 4606065 4606066 4609917 4611232 4613852 4616220 4620186 4628467 4631750 4633416 4644495 4653012 4653020 4694288 4710767 4747081 4789963 Related Data This is a divisional application of application Ser. No. 07/097,664, filed Sept. 14, 1987 and entitled "High Speed Image Processing Computer", now U.S. Pat. No. 4,985,848. Patent Number 5151974 Issue Date 1992 09 29 Appl. Data 079046 1987 07 29 Assignee Hitachi, Ltd. Inventor(s) Tani, Masayuki Nakanishi, Kunio Kawabata, Atsushi Watanabe, Norito Yokoyama, Takanori Tanifuji, Shinya State/Country JPX Title Data display method Abstract In a graphic data processing system of a CAD system for the design of an LSI, there is provided a display screen, a storage in which graphic data structured in the hierarchy of three levels, i.e. a functional block diagram level, a logical symbol level and a circuit component level, and a pointing device for designating a window within the display screen. The display method of the present invention is characterized in that the size of a designated window is judged and the graphic data of the concept level corresponding to the judged size of the window is read out and displayed within the window. U.S. Class 395/128 340/723 340/724 395/157 IPC G06F 3/153 U.S. Refs 4550315 4574364 4642790 4660157 4672683 4688181 4700320 4716404 4729029 4737916 4751507 4758953 4766555 4823278 4831543 4847788 4910785 4974175 5001697 Other Refs Shectman et al. "The Electronics Engineer's Design Station" IEEE CG 9A Apr. 1981 pp. 15-23. Bruggere et al. "Tools for Computer-Aided Engineering" IEEE CG 9A Dec. 1983 pp. 48-53. Priority JPX 19860731 61-178659 Patent Number 5155806 Issue Date 1992 10 13 Appl. Data 458573 1989 12 29 Assignee Sun Microsystems, Inc. Inventor(s) Hoeber, Anthony Mandler, Alan Cox, Norman Shea, Timothy Levine, Rick State/Country CA Title Method and apparatus for displaying context sensitive help information on a display Abstract A central processing unit (CPU) is provided and is coupled to a display for displaying graphic and other data. The CPU is further coupled to a pointer control device which permits a user to selectively position a pointer at a desired location on the display, and signal the CPU of selections in accordance with the teachings of the present invention. Images are generated in the form of "windows" by the CPU which include standard window features as well as text, icons, and buttons whch correspond to functions to be executed by the CPU. The selection of certain buttons results in the generation and display of a menu which includes a plurality of functions which may be chosen by a user. Help information may be obtained by a user by positioning the pointer on the display using the pointer control device over an area of the window which the user desires the help information. After placing the pointer over a desired area, which may include by way of example an icon, window function, or other window image, the user depresses a predefined help keep on a keyboard coupled to the CPU. The CPU then locates a help description which corresponds to the object or area over which the pointer has been placed. The CPU displays the an image of the selected area and the appropriate help description within a help window. U.S. Class 395/157 340/706 340/747 395/155 395/156 IPC G06F 3/14 U.S. Refs Re32632 4533910 4555775 4622545 4748618 4785408 4812834 4847604 4884223 4899136 4914732 4931783 4935865 4939507 4974170 5029113 5050104 Other Refs Alexander, "Visualizing Cleared-Off Desktops" Computer World, May 6, 1991, p. 20. Related Data The present Patent Application is a Continuation-In-Part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 07/323,669, filed Mar. 15, 1989, now abandoned. The present invention is related to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 07/458,596, filed Dec. 26, 1989, now abandoned, which is a Continuation-In-Part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 07/323,774, now abandoned filed Mar. 15, 1989, which was continued in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 07/619,665, filed Nov. 28, 1990 entitled "Method and Apparatus for Selecting Button Functions and Retaining Selected Options on a Display" and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 07/458,775, filed Dec. 29, 1989, now abandoned, which is a Continuation-In-Part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 07/323,775, filed Mar. 15, 1989, entitled "Method and Apparatus for Selecting and Executing Defaults in a Window Based Display System", and hereby refers to, and incorporates by reference the contents of the above-referenced applications. Patent Number 5157763 Issue Date 1992 10 20 Appl. Data 741207 1991 07 30 Assignee International Business Machines Corporation Inventor(s) Peters, Anthony M. Torres, Robert J. State/Country TX Title Visually assisted method for transfer of data within an application or from a source application to a receiving application Abstract Data is transferred between files within an application program or between multiple, independent, simultaneously active application programs appearing concurrently on a computer display screen using a visually assisted method. Data to be transferred from a first location is marked on the computer display screen. Subsequent optional selection of either a Cut or a Copy function causes a distinctive border to appear around the marked data. An input device may then be used to move the bordered area to a new location on the computer display screen without alteration or movement of the originally marked data. A data transfer symbol appears within the bordered area during the data transfer operation to signify that such an operation is in progress. Further selection of a Paste function causes the marked data to be inserted at its new location and deletion from the computer display screen of the distinctive border and of the data transfer symbol. Additionally, the originally marked data is deleted from the computer screen display if the Cut function was chosen, while, if the Copy function was chosen, the originally marked data is unmarked and left unaltered at the conculsion of the data transfer operation. U.S. Class 395/157 340/721 364/DIG1 364/237.3 364/260 364/286.1 364/419 395/161 IPC G06F 3/14 G06F 3/153 G06F 15/00 U.S. Refs 4428065 4506343 4555775 4648062 4653020 4656603 4736309 Foreign Refs EPX 198502 0156116 Other Refs Atari 52ST Computer, Owner's Manual, 1985 Atari Corp. pp. 21-25 and 53-55. Nelson, K. et al., "Using Lotus Manuscript" of the Professional's Guide to Soph. Doc. Process. on the IBM.RTM.PC, Osborne McGraw-Hill, Berkeley, Ca. 1987, pp. 61-81. Related Data This application is a continuation application of Ser. No. 108,619, filed Oct. 15, 1987, and now abandoned. Patent Number 5157764 Issue Date 1992 10 20 Appl. Data 555820 1990 07 17 Assignee Sun Microsystems, Inc. Inventor(s) Priem, Curtis Malachowsky, Chris State/Country CA Title Apparatus and method for using a test window in a graphics subsystem which incorporates hardware to perform clipping of images Abstract An apparatus and method for using a test window to improve the efficiency of clipping and inter-coordinate images which are to be displayed by a graphic display subsystem. A test window is defined which surrounds a window (the clip window) within which it is desired to render graphical images. Objects are then tested to see if their vertices are outside the test window. The utilization of this window allows for a performance optimization to be made between processing of a clipped object by a hardware based graphics subsystem which incorporates the present invention or by graphic software executed by a general purpose CPU which also interfaces to the graphics display. By properly defining the test window size relative to the clip window, objects which fall totally within the test window, will be rendered faster by the graphics subsystem rather than deferring the object to graphics software. Objects with vertices that fall outside the test window would be deferred to graphics software to render. U.S. Class 395/157 395/134 IPC G06F 15/20 U.S. Refs 4317114 4570181 4571635 4710767 4829470 Foreign Refs EPX 198506 0167797 Related Data This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 297,093 filed Jan. 13, 1989, now abandoned. Patent Number 5157768 Issue Date 1992 10 20 Appl. Data 703036 1991 05 17 Assignee Sun Microsystems, Inc. Inventor(s) Hoeber, Anthony Mandler, Alan Cox, Norman Shea, Timothy Levine, Rick State/Country CA Title Method and apparatus for displaying context sensitive help information on a display Abstract A central processing unit (CPU) is coupled to a display for displaying graphic and other data. The CPU is further coupled to a cursor control device which permits a user to selectively position a cursor at a desired location on the display, and signal the CPU of selections. Images are generated in the form of "windows" by the CPU which include standard window features as well as text, icons, and buttons which correspond to functions to be executed by the CPU. The selection of certain buttons results in the generation and display of a menu which includes a plurality of functions which may be chosen by a user. Help information may be obtained by a user by positioning the cursor on the display using the cursor control device over an area of the window which the user desires the help information. After placing the cursor over a desired area, which may include by way of example an icon, window function, or other window image, the user depresses a predefined help key on a keyboard coupled to the CPU. The CPU then locates a help description which corresponds to the object or area over which the cursor has been placed. The CPU displays the appropriate help description within a help window. U.S. Class 395/157 340/706 395/155 395/156 IPC G06F 15/46 U.S. Refs Re32632 4533910 4555775 4622545 4748618 4785408 4789962 4812834 4847604 4862385 4864517 4879666 4884223 4899136 4914732 4931783 4935865 4939507 Other Refs Alexander, "Visualizing Cleared-Off Desktops", Computer World, May 6, 1991, p. 20. Related Data This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 07/323,669 filed Mar. 15, 1989, now abandoned. Patent Number 5159669 Issue Date 1992 10 27 Appl. Data 285183 1988 12 15 Assignee Xerox Corporation Inventor(s) Trigg, Randall H. Irish, Peggy M. Suchman, Lucy A. State/Country CA Title Automatically creating a second workspace operation record including history data and a unit ID based on a first workspace operation Abstract A data processing system creates a log of operations performed on data units within a data structure, such as on objects corresponding to cards and links in a hypermedia database. The log includes items, each with data indicating an operation and indicating the unique identifier (UID) of each object affected by the operation. In response to a user request, the system scans through the log and includes appropriate data in the object corresponding to a special card called the history card. The data included in the history card's object for an item in the log can include a description of the operation indicated in that item and data for providing access to an affected card through an icon that is presented in the history card. Data indicating the affected card's UID is also associated with the history card's object, either by being included in the object or by being included in a linking data unit or object associated with the history card's object and with the affected card's object. The icon can be a pointer icon that provides one-way access in which case the user can subsequently request that the pointer icon be converted to a link icon that provides two-way access; in response to such a request, the system creates a linking object accessible both from the history card's object and from the affected card's object. The system also provides a user interface through which the user can select the types of events for which data is included in the history card's object. U.S. Class 395/159 364/DIG1 364/226.1 364/237.5 364/927.7 364/943.5 371/19 395/118 395/133 395/157 395/775 IPC G06F 3/14 G06F 15/62 U.S. Refs 4189781 4322813 4658351 4751702 4807154 4807155 4813013 4819191 4868744 4878167 4885704 4893270 4914586 4939507 4945474 4974173 4982344 5043866 5047918 5072412 5107443 5121478 Foreign Refs EPX 198806 0270360 EPX 198902 339901A EPX 199006 0371608 Other Refs Trigg, R. H., Suchman, L. A., and Halasz, F. G., "Supporting Callaboration in NoteCards", Proceedings of the Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, Austin, Tex., Dec. 3-5, 1986, pp. 153-162. Halasz, F. G., "Reflections on NoteCards: Seven Issues for the Next Generation of Hypermedia Systems", Hypertext '87 Papers, Chapel Hill, N.C., Nov. 13-15, 1987, pp. 345-365. Jensen, A-M. S., Jordan, D. S., and Russell, D. M., "The IDE System for Creating Instruction", presented to Applications of Artificial Intelligence and CD-ROM in Education and Training Conference, Arlington, Va. Oct. 1987. Goodman, D., "The Complete HyperCard Handbook", Bantam Books, New York, 1987, pp. 32-34, 65-67 and 185-192. Garrett, L. N., Smith, K. E., and Meyrowitz, N., "Intermedia: Issues, Strategies, and Tactics in the Design of a Hypermedia Document System", Proceedings of the Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, Austin, Tex., Dec. 3-5, 1986, pp. 163-174. Lewis, B. T. and Hodges, J. D., "Shared Books: Collaborative Publication Management for an Office Information System", ACM Conference on Office Information Systems, Mar. 23-25, 1988, ppp. 197-204. Kasperski, R., Chang, E., and Mellon, L., "Cantata: Group Protocols in a Conferencing Environment", IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, vol. 2, 1986, pp. 1343-1346. Stefik, M., Bobrow, D. G., Foster, G., Lanning, S., and Tatar, D., "WYSIWIS Revised: Early Experiences with Multiuser Interfaces", ACM Transactions on Office Information Systems, vol. 5, No. 2, Apr. 1987, pp. 147-167. Leblang, D. B., and Chase, R. P., Jr., "Computer-Aided Software Engineering in a Distributed Workstation Environment", in Henderson, P., (Ed.), ACM SIGSOFT/SIGPLAN Software Eng. Symp. on Practical Software Development Environments, Pittsburgh, Pa., Apr. 23-24, 1984. LeLand, M. D. P., Fish, R. S., and Kraut, R. E., "Collaborative Document Production Using Quilt", Computer Support of Cooperative Work (CSCW '88) Proceedings, Sep. 1988, Portland, Ore., pp. 206-215. Fish, R. S., Kraut, R. E., Leland, M. D. P., and Cohen, M., "Quilt: A Collaborative Tool for Cooperative Writing", Conference on Information Systems (COIS '88) Proceedings, May 1988, Palo Alto, Calif., pp. 30-37. Trigg, R. H., "Guided Tours and Tabletops: Tools for C This invention was made with Government support. The Government has certain rights in this invention. Patent Number 5165012 Issue Date 1992 11 17 Appl. Data 422506 1989 10 17 Assignee Comshare Incorporated Inventor(s) Crandall, Richard L. Lieffers, Dorothy A. Beyer, Thomas P. Hansknecht, Paul E. Eschman, James K. State/Country MI Title Creating reminder messages/screens, during execution and without ending current display process, for automatically signalling and recalling at a future time Abstract A software reminder procedure that allows a user to save a display screen displayed by a currently executing process as part of a reminder message for later recall. The reminder message can be saved without exiting or ending the currently executing process. The display (and therefore the reminder) can be text, electronic mail messages, graphic screen displays, single screen displays, or multiple screen displays. Certain types of reminders are automatically updated when the data from which they were created is updated, so that a most current version is always displayed. U.S. Class 395/100 340/706 364/230.6 364/237.5 364/281.7 364/927.7 364/943 364/943.5 395/144 395/145 395/147 395/148 395/149 395/156 395/157 395/159 395/161 IPC G06F 15/62 U.S. Refs 4079449 4458331 4555775 4626836 4752893 4782521 4819191 4881179 4977520 5023851 Other Refs Comshare Commander Executive Information System Guide, 1987; Ser. No. 277094, pp. 1-12. Comshare Commander Executive's Guide; Dec. 1987; Ser. No. 290208. Comshare Commander Executive's Guide; Aug. 1988; Ser. No. 313365. Comshare Commander EIS Brochure; May 23, 1989; Ser. No. 342332. Multi-Dimensionality in a Decision Support System; 1983; Ser. No. 160645, pp. 1-12. What Makes System W Different?; 1988; Ser. No. 324238, pp. 1-10. What is Commander EIS?; Ser. No. 271450, 1987. Commander.RTM. EIS with Execu-View.TM.; Ser. No. 230697. "Strategic Information at Your Fingertips"; 1986, one page. Cambell Services Inc.; "Remainder.TM. Time Management and Follow-Up System"; Jun. 1986; Index #0126881. Comshare Inc.; "Redi-Mail, Reminder"; May 16, 1989, Index #0227119. Patent Number 5175813 Issue Date 1992 12 29 Appl. Data 917798 1992 07 20 Assignee International Business Machines Corporation Inventor(s) Golding, Michael M. Kalmin, Lesley R. Seidner, Richard I. State/Country CA Title Window display system and method for creating multiple scrollable and non-scrollable display regions on a non-programmable computer terminal Abstract A windowing system provides an interface between application programs and non-programmable terminal drivers. The system presents logical windows to the applications program, each of which are represented internally by at least two separate parts. The first part includes the border and non-scrollable text for a logical window, while the second part includes scrollable text for the window. Through calls to the display driver, the windowing system manipulates these separate parts so that they are displayed on the screen as a single window. U.S. Class 395/157 340/721 395/158 395/162 IPC G06F 3/14 G09G 5/14 U.S. Refs 4642790 4651146 4663615 4736308 4782463 4845644 4937036 4954966 4962475 4991118 Foreign Refs EPX 198607 0185904 Other Refs Microsoft Windows Version 2.0 Desktop Applications User's Guide, 1987, pp. (2-39)-(2-41), (2-48)-(2-53), (2-55). IBM Technical Disclosure Bulletin, W. R. Cain et al, Local Scrolling With a Multiple Partitioned Display, Mar. 1980, vol. 22, No. 10, pp. 4734-4737. IBM Technical Disclosure Bulletin, Scan Line Scrolling Partitioned Display, Mar. 1988, vol. 30, No. 10, pp. 455-458. Related Data This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 07/393,599, filed Aug. 14, 1989, now abandoned.